The National Waste management Policy in Australia

Questions: 1. Set up a preparation note to your organization summing up how squanders are overseen in the State/Territory in which you are based.2. Portray how it ought to be overseen as per the waste administration hierarchy.Are there any legisative issues? What approaches exist that may impact the materials the board and how?3. Clarify the particular waste administration issues pertinent to the site under scrutiny and give pragmatic proposals on how burn through can be decreased after some time. Answers: 1. The National Waste administration Policy has opened up new ways to the powerful waste administration treatment in Australia. The terms and enactments of the strategy were settled upon by all the Australian Environment pastors in November, 2009 and the points of accomplishing asset recuperation and the executives of the losses till 2020, were set. There is a waiting history of community oriented endeavors of the Government of Australia, in viable treatment and waste administration. The absolute first exhaustive methodology for squander the board was concurred by the Government of Australia under the 1992 National Strategy for Economically Sustainable Development by the counsil of Australian Government. The approach planned for expanding the productivity with which the assets were being used and along these lines at the same time lessen the effect of waste removal on the natural (AGDE 2013). With time, the idea of waste has changed a ton. With increasingly complex merchandise, more measure of landfill is being delivered. This adjustment in the multifaceted nature of the products and the waste being delivered has essentially decreased the ability to recuperate the assets. The significant points of this arrangement are to keep away from the age of waste and thusly, diminish the measure of waste for removal, including the risky waste. Also, the point of the strategy is to start the administration of waste as an asset. Thirdly, the obligation of the administration is to guarantee appropriate waste treatment, recuperation, removal and re ease of use. This implies every one of these exercises ought to be completed in a sheltered, logical and ecologically solid way and ultimately the arrangement likewise intends to contribute in the decrease of ozone harming substance outflows, preservation of vitality and its creation, proficiency of water and furthermore the efficiency of the land (AGDE 2013). The administration of waste in Australia has become a significant issue now. For all the kinds of squanders various associations and approaches are being set up by the Government so as to direct the removal, treatment and re usablity exercises. 2. The most widely recognized sort of waste material that is available in Australia is the Hazardous waste. As per the Hazardous Waste (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1989, Hazardous squanders can be characterized as the waste that has any of the accompanying attributes: unstable, harmful, combustible strong/fluid, noxious, ecotoxic and is an irresistible substance (AGDE 2013). The control of Hazardous waste in Australia is done by means of Hazardous Waste ((Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1989, as per which the import and fare of the waste is managed inside the nation. This demonstration guarantees that this waste is discarded securely with the end goal that the people and creatures, inside and outside Australia, are shielded from the unsafe impacts of the waste. The first Act of 1989 was answerable for controlling the development of waste that didn't have any monetary worth and was bound for conclusive removal activities through cremation or landfill. In any case, in 1996, the Act was altered and the squanders that had a monetary worth and that were bound to reuse and recuperation tasks, were additionally remembered for the rundown (AGDE 2013). The global development of Hazardous waste is overseen by the Basel Convention, which is a worldwide bargain that has been intended to manage and decrease the fare and import of perilous waste between countries. This Convention was brought into power in 1992 and now around 170 countries are its individuals. Hazardous waste insinuates the solids, liquids, or contained gasses created by current techniques that speak to a liberal present or expected danger to human prosperity or nature when awfully rewarded, set aside or organized. Outlines of fundamental hazardous wastes join spent auto batteries, spent solvents, and sludges from present day wastewater treatment units. Over late years the proportion of unsafe waste has extended in light of different segments including: people improvement and the related addition mainstream for product and organizations; advancement in return substance things and extended use of oils, pesticides, acids and salts; an augmentation in the proportion of haza rdous parts in family waste; and upgraded restorative administrations which has incited increasingly clinical and pharmaceutical waste (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2013). The Environmental assurance Act (EPA) allows the householders to carry their loss to the Household Hazardous Waste Depot which is worked by Zero Waste SA. A portion of the waste materials like paint, sealants, varnish and the glues can be discarded alongside the ordinary trash. Squander that is produced from the business and the administration organizations isn't adequate and such waste should be arranged with the assistance of business squander treatment organizations. Low maintenance ranchers or full time ranchers are the essential makers and they produce squander in type of undesirable farming synthetic substances. This type of waste should be arranged with the assistance of industry based ChemClear that is supported by the businesses. As indicated by the Environment Protection (squander Resources) Policy 2010 (W2R EPP) the removal of dangerous waste to landfill in metropolitan Adelaide and the other remote and territorial zones South Australia. This Act ought to be viewed as an i ncitement for the businesses and the people to change the manner in which they see unsafe waste and in particular its age and removal. The Government of Australia guarantees that all the people should utilize the waste shirking way to deal with unsafe waste age and thusly, endeavor to work toward cleaner country. This consequently will likewise help in building up the social, prudent and ecological acts of the nation (EPA 2014). Alongside the risky waste, clinical waste likewise has explicit permitting and the executives steps and necessities that should be satisfied by the individuals of the nation in order to guarantee a perfect and safe condition. There are numerous enactments/Acts identified with squander the board like Section 10: objects of the Act, which meant to forestall, dispense with or limit the mischief to the earth; Section 25: General Environment Duty, which plots the commitments of an individual, regardless of whether approved, when undertaking an activity that may g rimy the earth, to take all reasonable and practicable measures to hinder or limit natural harm; and a lot more segments (EPA 2014). 3. Presentation Australia's radioactive waste begins from two essential sources: mining practices and the use of radionuclides in investigation, medication and industry. In Australia, creators of radioactive waste are accountable for dealing with the waste that they make, and every one of the Federal, State and Territory governments is skilled for dealing with the radioactive waste delivered inside its ward. Given the little proportions of radioactive waste made in Australia, it is truth be told and monetarily inefficient, and moreover ridiculous, for limit and move workplaces to be worked inside each region. In like manner, practically half of Australia's radioactive waste is taken care of at facilities and universities in excess of 50 separate regions around Australia. Basis For Waste Management The waste administration approaches of Australia must be created so as to recognize the expected offices and locales across Australia which store, get, process, arrange and treatment of unsafe waste regardless of whether they are in fluid, muck structures or solids. The reason for improvement of waste administration procedures was to distinguish the possible waste inclined zones and furthermore their effect on nature and afterward work toward the path to diminish and limit the hurtful impacts of the waste being arranged. Various State and Territory Governments have made waste organization methods based around the possibility of the waste request. Under this philosophy, squander avoiding is fought to be attractive over reuse, reuse to reusing, and so forth. Move apparently is the base appealing decision. In consistence with this methodology, various domains have set concentrations for involving waste, some venturing to such an extreme as to go for zero waste to landfill. This approach is clashing with extraordinary procedure principles. A portion of the enactments and the wards point in sponsoring the establishment of elective waste innovation offices either straightforwardly or in a roundabout way (for metropolitan waste). The waste administration strategy intends to accomplish the best expected results for the network. However areas' adherence to the waste request and waste distraction targets can bolster system decisions that have higher net costs to the gathering than other arrangement B (AGPC 2006). Philosophies The techniques utilized for squander the board were very much characterized. The dataset was set up by remembering the locales and offices which were connected to the capacity, handling, treatment and removal of the risky squanders. The dataset does exclude destinations where the dangerous squanders were initially produced for instance the assembling locales. The smelters and concrete ovens are avoided as they are not viewed as perilous waste removal offices. It bars regions and workplaces that administer oil trap, sewerage and present day wash waters (for example fertilizing the soil workplaces, sewerage treatment plants) or areas that dispose of asbestos and tires (for example landfills), except for where those regions moreover manage distinctive hazardous wastes. This is on air conditioning

How Neologisms Keep English Alive

How Neologisms Keep English Alive A neologism is a recently authored word, articulation, or utilization. Its otherwise called a coinage. Not all neologisms are altogether new. Some are new uses for old words, while others result from new mixes of existing words. They keep the English language alive and present day. Various variables decide if a neologism will remain around in the language. Once in a while will a word enter regular use, said the essayist Rod L. Evans in his 2012 book Tyrannosaurus Lex, except if it decently unmistakably takes after other words.â What Qualities Help a New Word Survive? Susie Dent, in The Language Report: English on the Move, 2000-2007, talks about exactly what makes another word effective and one that has a decent possibility of remaining being used. During the 2000s (or the noughties,â oughties,â orâ zips), a recently printed word has had a phenomenal chance to be heard past its unique maker. With 24-hour media inclusion, and the vast space of the web, the chain of ears and mouths has never been longer, and the redundancy of another word today takes a small amount of the time it would have taken 100, or even 50, years back. Assuming, at that point, just the littlest level of new words make it into current word references, what are the deciding elements in their prosperity? Roughly, there are five essential supporters of the endurance of another word: value, ease of use, presentation, the toughness of the subject it portrays, and its potential affiliations or augmentations. On the off chance that another wordâ fulfillsâ these strong rules it has an excellent potential for success of consideration in the advanced dictionary. When to Use Neologisms Heres some counsel on when neologisms are valuable from The Economist Style Guide from 2010. Some portion of the quality and essentialness of English is its availability to welcomeâ new words andâ expressions and to acknowledge new implications for old words. However such implications and uses frequently leave as fast as they showed up. Before getting the most recent use, ask yourself a couple of inquiries. Is it liable to breeze through the assessment of time? If not, would you say you are utilizing it to show exactly how cool you are? Has it previously become a clichà ©? Does it carry out a responsibility no other word or articulation does similarly also? Does it ransack the language of a valuable or popular significance? Is it being adjusted to make the scholars writing more honed, crisper, progressively musical, more obvious at the end of the day, better? Or on the other hand to cause it to appear moreâ withâ it (indeed, that was cool once, similarly as cool will be cool now), progressively grandiose, increasingly bureaucratic or all the more politically right as it were, more regrettable? Should the English Language Banish Neologisms? Brander Matthews remarked on the possibility that transformative changes in language ought to be precluded in his book Essays on English in 1921. Regardless of the exacerbated fights of the upholders of power and custom, a living language makes new words as these might be required; it gives novel implications to old words; it acquires words from remote tongues; it alters its utilizations to pick up certainty and to accomplish speed. Frequently these curiosities areâ abhorrent, yetâ they may win acknowledgment whether they endorse themselves to the dominant part. This unstoppable clash among steadiness and transformation and among power and autonomy can be seen at all ages in the advancement everything being equal, in Greek and in Latin in the past just as in English and in French in the present. The conviction that a language should be fixt, that is, made stable, or as it were, illegal to change itself in any capacity, was held by a large group of researchers in the seventeenth and eighteenth hundreds of years. They were increasingly acquainted with the dead dialects, in which the jargon is shut and in which use is frozen, than they were with the living dialects, wherein there is consistently relentless separation and ceaseless augmentation. To fix a living language at long last is an inactive dream, and if could be realized it would be a desperate catastrophe. Fortunately language is never in the elite control of researchers; it doesn't have a place with only them, as they are regularly disposed to accept; it has a place with all who have it as a native language.

Health and fitness Essay Example For Students

Wellbeing and wellness Essay Wellbeing and wellness Essay At the point when I consider individuals who are into wellbeing and wellness and individuals who are not, I notice the two gatherings contrast incredibly. These two gatherings have two very surprising ways of life. Individuals who are into wellbeing and wellness wake up to a brilliant radiant morning, each morning, and discussion with themselves on the off chance that they ought to go on a short or a long morning run. On the last 50% of their morning run these individuals one previously thinking what sound delicious breakfast they can fulfill the craving developed on the good times. After they choose what to eat they plan there day with the most things they can pack in their calendar. To these individuals regular is a decent day. There are additionally those sorts of individuals who could think less about wellness and wellbeing. These individuals get up in the first part of the day hammering their morning timers so hard its like dropping an iron block on a marble. What's more, when they open their eyes regardless of how pleasant the morning climate is, these individuals consistently consider it to be by and large genuine dim and desolate, similar to the center of the winter in the coldest of climate. Breakfast is a possibly to them, a perhaps sick have breakfast today or, a possibly sick possess energy for breakfast today realizing they are as of now late in the first place. The best creation for these individuals is a morning timer with a rest button. Eating is an entire diverse point for the individuals who are into wellbeing and wellness, Eating is a significant piece of their day by day ways of life. For instance, they generally take a gander at the nourishment realities on all that they purchase to ensure it is low in fat an extraordinary fat since some fat is useful for the body. Im discussing the immersed fats they need to avoid alongside such a large number of starches. These individuals eat egg white omelets for breakfast, eat natural product for the duration of the day, and eat an incredible healthy nutritious supper before an early sleep time. The individuals who are not into wellbeing and wellness could mind less on the off chance that they had breakfast or not. More often than not they dont on the grounds that they are late getting up and have no time. Yet, lets state they do get up in time they would most likely slap ten pounds of spread on the flame broil to cook some bacon and eggs, which is a coronary episode already in the works. These individuals never have natural product most likely skip lunch, or have a candy machine lunch, at that point for supper they pass through taco chime and push down as much nourishment as possible since they are so eager from not eating. At that point they hit the hay so late, that when they get up the following morning it becomes Groundhog Day of the day preceding. Individuals into wellbeing and wellness can tell individuals how much protein a normal individual ought to expend a day or what supplements are useful for individuals and what supplements are awful for the body. They can mention to individuals what a rep and a set comprise of in a rec center; they can fill individuals brimming with wellbeing and wellness data. The individuals not into wellbeing and wellness can disclose to individuals easy routes through town, can advise individuals the best inexpensive food to eat and what to get, they can likewise give individuals access on a mystery of how to stop close in the parking area so they dont need to walk so far to their goal. Individuals into wellbeing and wellness and the individuals who are not are the same than one another in the methods for being an individual however individuals into wellbeing and wellness will have the option to appreciate life all the more completely. Together they cause the world to go around. About 80% of the work is overweight today and it is on the ascent. More individuals need to quit fooling around and not discard their solid way of life. Everybody has one life, live it soundly. Inappropriate behavior Essay .

Inductive Business Report Horizontal Merger of Companies - 275 Words

Inductive Business Report: Horizontal Merger of Companies (Term Paper Sample) Content: Inductive Business Report: Horizontal Merger of CompaniesNameInstitutional affiliationExecutive summaryIn reference Sheltex, this report will assess how post-merger operational decisions impact on the success of the resultant company. It will further access the implication of horizontal mergers on the operations of resultant companies. Although horizontal mergers have been reported to register a higher probability of success, a drop of customer and sales is a common phenomenon of a post-merger period (Fischer, et al., 2007). Decisions of how store and stations should be modified according to companys objective should be informed by both the human and market factors. This report will explore the importance of incorporating human factors on pre-merger considerations. Human capital is a critical resource that determines the competitiveness of the company. Skills and talents should be merged with new opportunities that will arise from such mergers. Although mergers are a ssociated with downfalls, there are feasible opportunities that arise from it. A firm can tap such opportunities to access competitive advantages. Critical analysis of post-merger decisions of Sheltex senior management will enable future mergers to make a more informed decision and position themselves for subsequent competition. This report will anallyse the options available for sheltex and draw recommendation for the best option to be taken.Inductive Business Report: Horizontal Merger of CompaniesFuel retail industry in Australia is maintains perfect competitive market where entry and exit of firms are free. Prices are regulated by the authorities. Such prices are set in reference to international economic state and the global price of oil. Merger and acquisition are a management strategy that restructures an organization with a primary aim of growth and expansion. Reasons for mergers range from legal to financial issues. Most mergers that are based on the operation of the law wit h little regard to human factors are more likely to fail (Fischer, et al., 2007). There are different types of mergers as distinguished by homogeneity or variety of products dealt with the companies involved. The case o Sheltex is a Horizontal merger since the two premerger companies deal in the same variety of products. Such mergers are usually motivated by uncertainty in the competition aspects, synergies, and potential gain. Most mergers have failed to achieve their objectives because of a post-merger decision regarding the integration of two firms. Sheltex is merger is motivated be uncertain competition trends, and its primary goal is to increase its market span. The success of an alliance deepens mostly of reasons behind the merger and the decisions of post-merger. Peter Fischer et al. in their empirical study of the factors behind failure of mergers concluded that mergers that are not market oriented like those that result from the operation of the law are likely to fail (Fisc her, et al., 2007). Different types of mergers will differently impact on the success of a resultant company. While consolidation is becoming a management strategic of our time, most mergers do not make economic sense (Kunal, et al., 2014).RecommendationFor Sheltex to succeed, a different view on the market should be taken. The dynamics of customers test and preferences in account, the firm should identify its strength or an aspect it can focus with an aim of accessing competitive advantage. Such aspect should be something that cannot be easily replicated by competitors. Before competitors could match Sheltex, it should progress to another position hence giving the competitors a moving target (an aspect that cannot be easily replicated by the competitors). Decisions made should pay more attention to human factors. Prepare employees for union with their traditional competitors. Skills and talents should be landed on positions that they count. The decision of transforming some station s to supermarkets, is aspect of enterprising but will not meaningfully engage the human resource that was manning the stations before. It may not be rational for a firm to lay off a big number of employees who cannot fit anywhere after some shops are transformed to new line of products.Suggestion to Mechanizing' Supply Chain ManagementInterest in supply chain management has been increasing recently. The advancement communication technology and logistics have enabled firms to develop efficient supply chain. Competition among retail companies is primarily centered on the Supply chain management. There is limitless technology that is progressive and can be integrated to supply chain to improve efficiency and accuracy. Although the classical Cooper and Paghs are still handy, technology has been changing, and a proactive firm can integrate technological aspects with a supply chain system for efficiency (Valenzo-Jimnez, et al. 2015). Sheltex could also integrate technologies such as RTLS and RFIDs in their supply chain to improve their efficiency, accuracy and speed. An efficient supply chain management translates to customer satisfaction.Sheltex is capital intensive, and it is, therefore, able to invest in mechanization to the point where its competitor cannot sustainable compete in that area. Automation will reduce the cost of operation enabling Sheltex o offer goods in a lower price than its competitors.Winning and maintaining customersCustomers are dynamic. Sheltex should adapt communication strategies that will enable them to receive feedback from the customers. The customers behavior should be monitored and urged to defect should be suppressed with better services and lower prices. An efficient communicating system is key to maintaining and anticipating the actions of a customer.Sheltex should have standees services and products across all chains. Services should satisfactory to the customer. The actions of the competitors like lowering prices should be meanin gfully countered if there is a possibility that customers will be lost.I recommend option1: one station to sell certain type of products while the other sells the rest. Since the two stations are under one command and work towards a common goal, a non-competitive environment should be created while allowing the minimal disturbance to customers routine. The first option will enable the firm to achieve both passive conditions and maintaining most customers. Option two will see most of the customer lost to competitor since the shop will be changed to an entirely different line of products. Although it is an enterprising proactively, the clients who shopped at such stations cannot be influenced to move to the nearby station.Option number two will cause little disturbance, and more customers are likely to be maintained. Since Sheltex is a merger of two major retailers, it is obviously a capital intensive entity that can invest in mechanization and supply chain technologies that cannot b e sustainably acquired by other competitors who smaller in both capital base and assets. Automation of the supply chain management will reduce the cost of operation by reducing required human resource and increasing the speed and distance in which products are delivered. For a good positioning, a firm should identify its strengths and meaningfully capitalize on them. The bottom line is being able to reduce the market price for products. This is achieved through reduction of operational cost which is dominated by supply chain management and logistics. Sheltex can reduce such costs by investing development of efficient supply chain management. Progressive technology can be innovatively interpreted into supply chain management. If done right, mechanization will allow the firm to access competitive advantage.Incorporation of technology into the firm's processesModern business environment is characterized by technological advances incorporated into business activities. A firm should stay adept technologically in order for it to compete meaningfully with other firms. Customers change in preferences is triggered by advancement in communication technology. The customers expectation is rising fast due the availability of information regarding other options that could be explored by a customer. The company, therefore, stays adept and informed in regard to information technology. This way the company reads in the same script with the customers. If a change in customers test and preferences are monitored for a considerable length of time, such trends can eventually be predicted with a high accuracy.Information system plays a key role in developing strong customer relations. Online marketing and other marketing technologies that have significantly contributed to customer relationship can be attributed to information technology. Personalized product Recommendation has been adopted by most firms. This is an IT related technology that has enabled companies to anticipate custo mers expectation and ensure satisfaction (Zhang, et al., 2011). According to Zhang et al. (2011),an empirical interrogation of data collected generally showed that information that can be obtained to help a company build customized the need of a customer greatly affect the loyalty of customers in a great way. Information technology is, therefore, an important aspect of retail and businesses should invest in it.Sheltex could adopt information technologies that will enable it to anticipate the trends in the market and access customers opinion on products and services.Information technology is a number of technologies integrated to help a firm collect, store and share information. Such information includes customers qualitative and quantitative information, market related information and emp...

Exploring the Importance of Traditions in Richard...

Any relationship goes two ways to keep our life in balance, and also affect our life whichever of family or culture. As Bernice Weissbourd says: â€Å"Because it’s not only a child is inseparable from the family in which he lives, but that the lives of families are determined by the community in which they live and the cultural tradition from which they come.† In Keeper’n me, for instance, Garnet Raven who was taken away from his family to a series of white foster homes when he was three. Garnet’s experiences as a result of the oppressive political and social policies. Moreover, Keeper as a storyteller tries to pass the message of traditions and a way of life to guide Garnet, who arrived in White Dog reservation with anything but Native,†¦show more content†¦This quote also foreshadows that he will find a place to belong as far as staying on the reservation to keep in touch with his family and Native culture. During a positive lesson of Nati ve culture, he starts to fit in the society and gets acceptance of people. His mom gives him the shirt that he had on the day he arrived at reserve to remind him of where he came from and how he wanted to be. Although his mom revamps the shirt that â€Å" the sleeves were cut back regular, the long pointed collar was gone and the ribbons ran across the chest and back and down the arms† (Wagamese 301). He learns the traditional ways of Native and makes the connection with people, especially his family, and now he changes the way that he used to dressing. Everyone needs family in order to find themselves, no one could be his own person without knowing himself. The surroundings compel Garnet to learn Whites instead of his own culture cause he lost connection and himself. Setting is one aspect of the culture that affect Garnet’s identity in social way. The setting of the book is very important in Garnet’s character development and personal growth. The relati onship between Garnet and his family is detached because he was raised by foster homes instead of his family, that makes him a lot differences between him and Natives. When he returns to the reserve, he has lots of things need to learn, especially the traditional Native spiritual ways. At the

Advertisements and Their Impact on Consumer Buying Behaviour

ABSTRACT Advertising is a subset of marketing, a form of communication intended to persuade people to purchase or take any action with respect to the products or the services. In todays world, firms dont hold back in spending millions of dollars on advertising and marketing. The obvious reason being that the competition is very high and every firm wants to sell its product and make it a brand. Effective advertising techniques used in advertisements make a world of difference in sales prospects of a product. Advertising effectiveness is measured by the role the advertisement has played in making the product a real success and how well it has connected with the customers. For print media it is very important to see how well it is doing in†¦show more content†¦Effective advertising campaigns are a key to ensure that the product is launched in market at the right time and garners maximum sales. It is the hallmark of every successful advertising campaign that its coupled with creativity a nd lots of thought behind it. The winners in choosing effective advertising techniques are the ad makers who never underestimate the power of consumer intelligence. If an ad can emotionally appeal to an audience, it certainly has the potential to attract more attention from consumers and they may be eventually compelled to buy it. How does a consumer react to an advertisement to the way a company depicts its image and thus lending a monotony in the buying pattern and retention is what is important at the end of the day and the success of the advertisement is the main idea. The impact of the activities by the company which makes the frame for the buying spree of the consumer is the idea behind this research paper. IMPORTANCE OF ADVERTISING Generally, advertising is a relatively low-cost method of conveying selling messages ton numerous prospective customers. It can secure leads for salesmen and middlemen by convincing readers to request more information and by identifying outlets handling the product. It can force middlemen to stock the product by building consumer interest. It can help train dealers salesmen in product uses and applications. 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Keeping Suzanne Chalmers free essay sample

SYMPTOMS * Chalmers is not the first valued API employee who has requested a meeting and then announced her intention to leave the company. * Numerous employees who leave API are millionaires, from generous share options at API. * Many employees stated reasons such as stress, long hours, and disconnect from the family for leaving API, however; they will join a start-up company with some of the same problems. * Suzanne tells Thomas Chan that her job is becoming routine. PROBLEM The problem in this case study is the lack of employee loyalty, commitment and motivation causing high employee turnover. ANALYSIS * Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy says that as a person satisfies a lower level need, the next higher need in the hierarchy becomes the primary motivator and remains so even if never satisfied. * Physiological need by the stability of her financial independence * Safety by securing her position at API as a Software Engineer in Internet Protocol (IP) expert * Belongingness by being a valued employee at API * Esteem by the high achievement accomplished in her position * Self-actualization is the higher need that Suzanne needs to satisfy; articularly work with more variety and challenge * Learned needs theory may also be applicable as it states that a person’s needs are influenced through reinforcement, learning, and social conditions that can be strengthened or weakened with training programs. We will write a custom essay sample on Keeping Suzanne Chalmers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * nAch applies as Mr. Chan offered Suzanne a 25% raise and more share options to stay with API, which was not accepted * Four drives theory is a motivation theory based on the innate drives to acquire, bond, learn, and defend that incorporates both emotions and rationality. All drives operate in everyone with the drive to learn and acquire being the most important ones for Suzanne. * Drive to acquire is insatiable because human motivation is to achieve a higher position than others. Chalmers seems to have achieved her goals at API and is ready to tackle new and challenging goals. Need to acquire material things, such as money and physical resources, does not seem to be important to Suzanne. * Drive to learn is the drive to satisfy our curiosity, to know and understand ourselves and the environment, related to the higher needs of growth and self-actualization. Suzanne mentions to Mr. Chan in their meeting that her job has become routine, then went to work for a start-up company that Mr. Chan says â€Å"are pressure cookers that require 16 hour days and to perform a variety of duties. † Chalmers is regarded as an expert in IP with API and as the job design seems to be rigid, Suzanne will move towards a company that can offer her challenges and something different. Social norms Past experience Personal values Mental skill set resolves Competing drive demands Goal-directed choice and effort Drive to acquire Drive to bond Drive to learn Drive to defend * Job Satisfaction is an appraisal of the perceived job characteristics, work environment, and emotional experiences at work. OB experts’ belief that the main reason for turnover is job satisfaction, with an employee’s response to job dissatisfaction through Exit-Voice-Loyalty-Neglect model (EVLYN). * Loyalty determines whether an employee will choose voice or exit. Suzanne voiced her dissatisfaction in her meeting with Thomas Chan and since her needs were not recognized she later chose to leave. Suzanne has a high conscientious personality because she chose to voice her concerns instead of neglect by way of work effort, quality or absenteeism. * Goal Setting and Feedback establishes performance objectives using specific characteristics. Goals must be specific, relevant, and challenging for the employee to be committed to the goal. Allowing employees to participate in the goal setting can be effective and ensuring feedback is timely and helpful. * This would help strengthen Suzanne’s needs to achieve, drive to acquire, drive to learn, increase her motivation as well as her commitment to the organization. Work/life balance or virtual work would benefit the employees of API due to the long hours and feeling of disconnect from their families. * The M. A. R. S. model outlines the four major factors in determining individual behaviour and results which could be a key for API: motivation, ability, role perception, and situational factors. * Motivation represents the forces w ithin a person that affect his or her direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary behaviour. Suzanne no longer has the drive (intensity) and desire (persistence) to stay at API. Mr. Chan was unsuccessful with his negotiations to keep Suzanne employed and loyal to API. * Ability is the natural aptitudes and learned capabilities required to successfully complete a task. Suzanne has many abilities as she is API’s top talent in the specialized work of Internet Protocol (IP). * Role perception is the accuracy of how people understand their job duties assigned to them or what is expected of them. We believe that Suzanne has a clear understanding of her role at API, as the company assigns work to match technical competencies and she has been told she is a valued employee. Situational factors are conditions beyond the employees’ immediate control that constrain or facilitate behaviour and performance. We do not feel there are any situational factors that have been mentioned in this case. * The Job Characteristics model identifies five (5) core job dimensions that produce three (3) psychological states. When these states are experienced employees tend to ha ve higher levels of work motivation, job satisfaction, and work effectiveness. * Suzanne specifically tells Thomas Chan that she is finding her job routine (boring) and if Mr. Chan had tried to meet her psychological states (meaningfulness, responsibility, knowledge of results) Suzanne may have stayed with the company. ALTERNATIVES 1. Job design following the job characteristics model Critical psychological states Core job characteristics Outcomes Skill variety Task identity Task significance Autonomy Feedback from job Meaningfulness Responsibility Knowledge of results Work Motivation Growth Satisfaction General Satisfaction Work effectiveness Individual differences * Knowledge and skill * Context satisfaction * Growth need strength API currently designs jobs based on the employees’ specializations which seems to be causing boredom with the employees, even though it improves work efficiency. Using this model for the API employees, specifically Suzanne Chalmers, could prevent employees from resigning by giving them work motivation, growth satisfaction, general satisfaction, and work effectiveness. PROS| CONS| 1. Reduce employee turnover| 1. Requires restructuring| 2. Self-enhancement| 2. Training| 3. Improve self-actualization| 3. Could take a lot of time to become effective| 2. Effective Feedback and Performance-Based Rewards It seems that Thomas Chan does not currently offer any feedback (not including comments made in the meeting) and that API rewards their employees only through organizational rewards of share options. Providing effective feedback to the employees while also using performance-based rewards would increase the employee motivation as well as workforce flexibility. It is also said that products and services would increase. PROS| CONS| 1. Product service quality will improve| 1. Interfere with learning and complex jobs| 2. Increase employee trust and strengthens employee/manager relationships| 2. Ineffective feedback| 3. Increase job satisfaction| 3. Unintentional consequences| 3. Employee Focus Groups Organizing focus groups at API will allow Thomas Chan to better understand the needs and wants of his employees. In this example Suzanne Chalmers states that her job is becoming a bit routine although she enjoys the workplace environment and her co-workers. PROS| CONS| 1. Direct feedback, facial expressions, and body language| 1. Follow-up of focus group action plan| 2. Strengthens drive to learn, eed for achievement, and increases affective commitment| 2. Employees withholding input of feedback| 3. Increased employee communication| 3. Potentially biased results caused by a group atmosphere| RECOMMENDATION Thomas Chan should immediately establish effective feedback and performance based rewards for his employees. Setting performance objectives and giving effective feedback will increase employee motivati on and abilities. Objectives and feedback will encourage employees to actively learn new competencies, to be more productive and unlearn anything they are doing incorrectly. They will also help maintain and enhance self-concepts. These are the steps that Thomas Chan should follow: * Meet with each of his employees to collect specific and relevant feedback * Design rewards that are valued, relevant and linked to performance * Allow employees to participate in setting up the goals required to achieve the rewards * Be aware of unexpected and undesirable effect that performance based rewards may have on employee behaviours * Sufficiently frequent feedback to be provided by Thomas Chan If Thomas Chan had asked Suzanne Chalmers, â€Å"What can API do to continue our employment relationship? † she might still be with the company today. This would also help him understand what her employee needs and drives consist of. Mr Chan needs to realize that money is not necessarily the main drive in all employees.